A recent study demonstrated that dietary nitrate reduces oxygen cost during physical exercise and this is due to improved mitochondrial function (please see atached link). Nitrate, an inorganic anion abundant in vegetables, is converted in vivo to nitrogen oxides, a molecule that causes vasodilation (contributes to the opening of the blood vessels). To my knowledge there are no much data on this issue in the literature. The authors conclude that their results may have implications for exercise and sports physiology. To my opinion, this is an interesting area to follow up.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/02/110201122226.htm
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